旁观的细节

修学旅行

“修学旅行”指为了使中小学生亲身体验日常生活中经历不到的异地风土文化而由教职员带队组织的旅行活动。

出处：新版标准日本语初级第3单元第10课

'Colere': to cultivate or to till the soil; 18C & 19C, refinement of people.

Dictionary of American Tradition: Culture is "a whole of pattern of behavior, arts, religion belief, any kind of human activity of production and mentality, and their characteristics, which transferred from generation to generation."

Social scientists have found few cultural universals in the enormous diversity of human cultures. Common patterns of behavior apparently exist because they meet Basic human needs and thus contribute to the survival of the species.

L. A. Coser: Culture is shared ideas among a group of people, consisting of:
Facts: ideas about reality
Norms: ideas about how to behave, including folkways, official rules and laws, and Mores (norms defining how one must act)
Values: ideas about what is desirable, Ideas about the self of human beings. American values include achievement and success, activity and work, and equality.

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Iceberg Analogy of Culture

Campbell: Culture just likes an iceberg
Behavior
Belief and social norms
Value and way of thinking

Culture influences behavior through shared ideas about reality. What is real to us depends on how we interpret our sense of experiences, and people in different culture do not give the same meaning to their experiences.

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来自企业文化课课件

缩写SNAFU 的意思

SNAFU is an acronym meaning roughly, "things are in a mess - as usual." The most commonly accepted rendering is "Situation Normal: All Fucked Up." It is sometimes given as "Situation Normal: All Fouled Up" or similar, in circumstances where profanity is discouraged or censored. In modern usage, "snafu" is often used as an Interjection, as a shorthand for the sentiment expressed by the phrase. "Snafu" is also sometimes used as a noun or verb, referring to a situation that suddenly went awry, or the cause of the trouble. The acronym is believed to have originated in the US Army during World War II.

References: A Supplement to the Oxford English Dictionary, RW Burchfield, ed., Volume IV Se-Z, 1986.

来源（截取自）：http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNAFU

You can't go home again. 的意思。

You can't recover the past. This saying is the title of a novel by the twentieth-century American author Thomas Wolfe.

来源：You can't go home again. The New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy, Third Edition. 2002

oxox 的意思

To kiss another person.

(lol You're the best, sunshine (Summer)!)

They oxox under the chestnut tree.

来源：Urban Dictionary: oxox

知行合一

明代王守仁的唯心主义认识论命题。反对“知在行先”的说法，认为“知是行之始，行是知之成”。又说“未有知而不行者；知而不行，只是未知”。知，即致吾心之良知；行，即至良知于事事物物。知行合一本体是良知。

《新华词典》

刚才受人之托查了下浙江大学2005级女生的数量，顺便也查了男生的数量。

于是发现05级的男女比例是3865 / 1925 = 2.00779 。

而我们自05年入学以来一直听说浙大的男女比例是5:2 。

2 是否比2.5 好？

层次分析法（Analytic Hierarchy Process，简称AHP）是对一些较为复杂、较为模糊的问题作出决策的简易方法，它特别适用于那些难于完全定量分析的问题。它是美国运筹学家T. L. Saaty 教授于70年代初期提出的一种简便、灵活而又实用的多准则决策方法。

层次分析法是由T. L. Saaty提出的一种确定多目标决策中各目标的权重的方法，不仅在多目标决策中有重要作用，在管理以外的其它学科也有许多应用。

在多目标决策中，各目标的权重对分析结果具有重要影响，但权重的确定比较困难。层次分析法的基础是目标的分层和对同一层次的各目标的重要性进行两两比较，使确定各目标的权重的任务具有可操作性。

来源：蒋绍忠教授课件 http://61.184.198.219/gaoshu/Get/JXSYKJ/jm/8.doc 

囧 [国际标准汉字大字典]
jiǒng
（1）　ㄐㄩㄥˇ
（2）古同“冏”。
（3）郑码：JDOL，U：56E7，GBK：87E5
（4）笔画数：7，部首：囗，笔顺编号：2534251

冏 [国际标准汉字大字典]
jiǒng
（1）　ㄐㄩㄥˇ
（2）古同“炯”，明亮有神。
（3）郑码：LDOJ，U：518F，GBK：83D7
（4）笔画数：7，部首：冂，笔顺编号：2534251

冏 [高级汉语词典]
jiǒng
<形>
（1）(象形。本作“囧”。象窗口通明。本义:光明)
（2）同本义 [light;bright]。如:冏冏(光明的样子);冏彻(明亮而通彻);冏寺(即太仆寺。古代官署名。掌舆马及马政);冏牧(冏卿。太仆寺卿)
（3）鸟飞的样子 [(bird) flying]。如:冏然(鸟飞的样子)

结果来自金山词霸2007

【O记】Oji  有组织罪案及三合会调查科。

    O记的全称是“Organised Crimeand Triad Bureau”。旧时店铺常称某记，张记肉铺李记照相王记大烟馆等等，后来有Mcdonalds叫M记，KFC叫K记。至于“记”化政府部门，足见市民文化的通脱。

    再看三合会。三合会即天地会，对内则称洪门，目前已成香港黑社会的代名词，如同黑手党泛指欧美黑社会。

    香港的治安其实是很闷，很安静。香港人和美国人的黑帮电影胶片，一卷卷地拍，最后马路上轧死条狗就上城市新闻。在拉美，黑帮常识不需要看电影才懂。某一天百十条枪在高速路两旁对射，一定是实况。

    当然，香港回归后仍有黑社会，但回归令其没落。五大帮派分新义安、和胜和、水房、14K、和合桃，大家都关注的是新义安，它的桃色新闻最多。

    商业的整合力量是最可佩服的，如果社会进阶渠道宽阔，人际契约有效，黑的土壤就会冲刷掉。黑社会不都是傻子，用人情世故就可以赚钱了，再打再杀，那是不会生活。

来源：香港词典_香港回归十周年_新闻中心_腾讯网